STATISTICS
| CURRENT ISSUE No.2 (32) | 2023 Gambarova S.C.
Abstract: Tissue metalloproteinase inhibitors (MPTIs) play an important role in the pathogenesis of breast cancer (BC).
Although recent studies have shown the dual role of MPTIs in the development of this pathology, it has been proven
that they inhibit the activity of metalloproteinases prevent invasiveness and tumor recurrence. Conducting extensive
research towards studying the antitumor effect of these protease inhibitors, especially MPTI-1, may allow the development
of new drugs for the treatment of breast cancer. Mammadzada H.A.
Abstract: In the Islamic world, Ramadan is considered a holy month in which Muslims try to fulfill their religious duties, especially fasting. Ramadan fasting affects many fundamental aspects of human physiology, including sleep patterns and
circadian rhythms, fluid and energy balance, and glucose homeostasis. Due to the transition of the feeding regime
to the night, especially due to waking up and taking food at sahur, there are changes in the normal eating pattern as
well as sleeping patterns. From this point of view, fasting worship of diabetic patients without medical supervision
can cause many complications. Babayeva G.H., Mahmudov U.R., Quliyev F.V., Asadova G.V., Musayev J.S.
Abstract: Nodular lymphoid hyperplasia of the gastrointestinal tract is characterized by the presence of many small nodules,
usually 2 to 10 mm in diameter, located more frequently in the small intestine, stomach, colon, or rectum. The pathogenesis
is largely unknown, and the occurrence is possible in all age groups, quite common in children, and may
affect adults with or without immunodeficiency. In some cases, patients may have comorbidities, namely common
variable immunodeficiency, selective IgA deficiency, Giardia intestinalis, celiac disease, Helicobacter pylori, and
less often human immunodeficiency virus. Recently, data have appeared on the detection of nodular lymphoid
hyperplasia in patients who have undergone COVID-19. Nodular lymphoid hyperplasia is usually asymptomatic but
can cause a variety of gastrointestinal symptoms such as abdominal pain, chronic diarrhea, bleeding, or ileus.
Diagnosis is by endoscopy or barium contrast and must be confirmed by pathological findings. Nodular lymphoid
hyperplasia is a risk factor for both intestinal and, very rarely, extraintestinal lymphoma. Faradjeva N.A., Mahmudova K.J., Gasimova F.N.
Abstract: Metabolic disorders in chronic viral hepatitis and progressive atherosclerotic changes associated with dyslipidemia
are characterized, first of all, with a high cardiovascular risk. It has been proven that the incidence of dyslipidemia,
hyperinsulinemia and other metabolic disorders is directly dependent on the degree of viral load in hepatitis. This
fact turns viral hepatitis into another risk factor for diseases of the cardiovascular and dysmetabolic processes. The
addition of viral hepatitis to the existing risk factors for these diseases requires a more careful and issues of their
timely diagnosis, adequate treatment and prevention. Mahmudbeyova Z.F., Haciyeva R.S.
Abstract: The article presents the results of determining the frequency of thyroid dysfunction among pregnant women in the third
trimester, the relationship of factors with it, and analysis of the effect of thyroid dysfunction on pregnancy outcomes.
The study involved 77 women with singleton pregnancies in the third trimester; the average age was 28.7±2.11 years.
In all patients, thyroidstimulating hormone (TSH), triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4) were determined in the blood.
Statistical analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel Statistica. In 39.0% of cases, thyroid dysfunction was revealed:
subclinical hypothyroidism was detected in 26% of women, overt hypothyroidism in 7.8%, subclinical hyperthyroidism
– in 5.2%. In subclinical hypothyroidism, the TSH level was 74.6% (p=0.001), in pregnant women with overt
hypothyroidism – by 81.3% (p=0.001) higher than in pregnant women with euthyroidism. In pregnant women with subclinical
hypothyroidism, overt hypothyroidism and subclinical hyperthyroidism, the T3 level was reduced by 38.2%
(p=0.355), by 78.6% (p=0.004) and by 11.1% (p=0.741), respectively. The T4 value in the blood in women with subclinical
hypothyroidism and subclinical hyperthyroidism in comparison with the group with normal functioning of the
thyroid gland was increased by 34.6% (p=0.261) and by 39.0% (p=0.004), and in pregnant women with obvious
hypothyroidism decreased by 75.6% (p=0.003). In the group of women with subclinical hypothyroidism, 35.0% suffered
from anemia, 20.0% of women had preeclampsia, oligohydramnios – in 30.0%, caesarean section – in 35.0% of women.
The risk of preeclampsia, anemia, oligohydramnios, caesarean section and premature birth in women with subclinical
hypothyroidism, respectively, 5.6 times (p<0.01), 7.9 times (p<0.01), 4.6 times (p<0.05), 3.7 times (p<0.05) and 1.7
times (p>0.05) higher than in those examined with euthyroidism. A statistically significant relationship was established
between anemia, preeclampsia, caesarean section, the presence of children with low body weight, and a low Apgar score
with subclinical hypothyroidism. Evaluating the strength of the association between hypothyroidism and pregnancy outcome
variables may help unify screening and subsequent management of hypothyroid pregnant women. Kazimova L.A.
Abstract: The correlation of visual acuity, reduced as a result of the formation of macular edema after retinal vein thrombosis,
and partially restored after injection treatment is presented in the article. A special method was applied for the study
of the violation of the integrity of the external limiting membrane (ELM) on the images of optical coherence tomography
(OCT). One-factor and multivariate linear regression analysis was conducted to assess the relationship between
visual acuity before and after treatment. It was shown that after treatment, the integrity of the ELM is an independent
and important factor in predicting visual acuity. When evaluating visual function in patients with macular edema
of the RVT following ranibizumab injections, the integrity of the ELM, especially below the center of the fovea, may
be more useful than other factors. Aliyev R.R., Shiraliyeva R.K.
Abstract: Introduction. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating, neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system, with an unknown etiology and complete treatment. Many studies have shown that the incidence of MS among women is
2-3.5 times higher in comparison with men. The aim of the study was providing the sex characteristics of patients diagnosed with
MS in Azerbaijan. Materials and methods of research. During the study period (01.01.2013–31.12.2022), 1796 patients with MS
were examined. Patients were divided into two comparison groups (Group I – men, 616 patients; Group II – women, 1180 patients).
Share of patients by sex, age (at diagnosis, probable disease onset, and the end of the study), clinical course of MS, and deathes
were investigated in the comparison groups. Statistical analysis was performed with χ2-Pearson and t-Student-Bonferroni
tests, and the acquired statistical results were rechecked with the U-Mann-Whitney test. Results and discussion. 65.7% of the patients were women, and 34.3% were men. Male-to-female ratio was 1:1.92. 66.4% of patients were urban residents, while rural residents were 33.6%. Among women, urban residents (68.1±1.4%) prevailed men (63.0±1.9%), and this difference was statistically significant
(P<0.05). The average age at diagnosis was 34.9±0.2 years (35.2±0.4 years in men; 34.7±0.3 years in women). At the time of presumed
first attacks, the average age was 29.7±0.2 years (29.9±0.3 years in men and 29.6±0.2 years in women). During the study
years, 43 patients died. The average age of death was 56.8±1.2 years (in men, 55.2±1.6; in women, 58.0±1.6) (P>0.05). After diagnosis
of MS, the average life expectancy was 15.7±1.0 years (minimum life expectancy was 4 years, maximum was 40 years). The
period between disease onset and the diagnosis of MS was on average 5.3±0.2 years in men and 5.2±0.1 years in women. The distribution
of patients by 5-year age groups on the age of diagnosis showed that more incidence rate among men was in the 35-39
age group (20.1±1.6% of male patients) and among women in the 30-34 age group (20.8±1.2% of female patients). However, these
indicators did not differ statistically (P>0.05). The most frequent clinical course was Relapsing Remitting MS in both sexes –
78.6±1.7% in men, 77.4±1.2% in women. Although CIS is more common in women (4.2±0.6%), the difference was not statistically
significant (P>0.05). Other types of MS were found almost equally in both sexes. Conclusion. Extensive research on sex differences
in MS can improve our understanding of the disease's pathophysiology and treatment. The findings lay the groundwork
for future research into the sexdepending approach to the clinical course and treatment of MS. Hagverdiyev B.D.
Abstract: The artice the aim of study was evaluating of the effectiveness of a new treatment method in improving the results
of surgical treatment of elderly patients suffering from cholecystitis with a high fraility index. Studies have shown
a decrease in the frequency of complications, acceleration of wound healing, and a reduction in hospital stay as a
result of the positive effect of treatment tactics in the main group. The change in the dynamics of the frailty index
in the short and longterm postoperative periods was more positive in the main group. Akhundova I.M., Abuzarov R.M., Qasımov I.Ə., Salimova N.A., Seyfaddinova M.N.
Abstract: Modern moleculargenetic methods of tuberculosis diagnosis have higher sensitivity and specificity compared to traditional methods, and allow to quickly detect the presence of tuberculosis mycobacteria in biosubstrates, their resistance to drugs, and timely selection and correction of treatment according to the type of mutation detected, increase the effectiveness of treatment, reduce the duration of ablation of patients and Mycobacterium tuberculosis makes it possible to prevent the spread of drugresistant strains. Rustamova L.I., Heydarova F.A., Hajieva T.I., Mammadov S.M., Mammadova V.H., Atakishiyeva N.M., Mammadova J.S.
Abstract: The article presents the results of an analytical epidemiological study of the incidence of COVID-19 among the population (including children and adults, men and women) of Baku and its regions for 2021. The purpose of the study is to conduct an epidemiological analysis of the annual dynamics of the incidence of COVID-19 in the districts of Baku. The material for the study was the absolute incidence of COVID-19, which were subject to analytical and statistical processing in the course of descriptive and analytical epidemiological studies. A comparative epidemiological analysis of the incidence of COVID-19 in the districts of Baku was carried out among the total population, including children and adults, as well as women and men, depending on age groups and the month of detection.
Intensive per 1000 people (‰) and extensive (%) rates of incidence of COVID-19 were calculated among the specified populations. The results of an analytical epidemiological study made it possible to establish a risk group for the incidence of COVID-19 among the population of the districts of Baku. The risk group by age was the adult population, by gender women, among the children's population by age – 5-13 years. As a risk factor for the season, the autumnwinter seasonality of the incidence of COVID-19 was established. As a result of a prospective epidemiological analysis of the epidemiological situation for COVID-19, areas of high, medium and low risk were identified depending on the incidence of COVID-19 in Baku in 2021.
Abstract: Genetic factors are an important contributor to the risk of ischemic heart disease (IHD), and great progress has been
made in this area over the past decade. The problem of studying the genetic mechanisms of IHD is quite complex and is associated with the development of adequate approaches and methods of analysis, which is noted by many authors. One of the effective approaches to studying the role of genetic mechanisms in the development of IHD is associated with the identification of a group of genes with a potentially greatest contribution to the pathogenesis of the disease. Purpose. Study of FGB gene polymorphisms and its relationship with platelet indexes in Azerbaijani patients with ischemic heart disease, arterial hypertension, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Material and methods. 100 patient participated in the study. Anthropometric parameters, total blood count, lipid profile, fasting blood sugar and/or HbA1C, fibrinogen gene, and electrocardiographic and echocardiographic examination were performed in each patient. Results. A statistically significant prevalence of the homozygous G/G genotype of the FGB G (-455) A fibrinogen gene was noted in the studied groups. A statistically significant difference in the frequency of the GA polymorphism of the FGB G (-455) A fibrinogen gene was found between all groups. In addition, an increase in thrombocyte indexes was observed in homozygous allele A genotype carriers, which may be an indicator of thrombosis tendency in these genotype carriers. Mirzayeva T.N., Akbarov E.Ch., Hasanov R.P., Mirzayev M.I.
Abstract: Using histological, and histochemical methods, morphological changes in the intramural nerve elements of the urinary
bladder were studied in 6 patients suffering from diabetic cystopathy and who died from various complications of diabetes mellitus. The control group consisted of 4 practically healthy persons who died as a result of a car accident. For histological examination, tissue pieces of the nerve elements of the bladder were fixed with 12% formalin and impregnated according to the method of Bilshchovsky-Gross
and Rasskazov. Adrenergic nerve structures were detected by incubation of sections in a 2% solution of glyoxylic acid, and cholinergic elements by the Karnovsky-Roots method. It was revealed that along with degenerative changes, reactive-compensatory processes also occur in the intramural nerve elements of the bladder in diabetic cystopathy. It was found that the activity of mediators in adrenergic and cholinergic structures decreases. Musaeva M.S., Hajiyeva R.S.
Abstract: The article presents the results of the analysis of the content of reproductive hormones in women with thalassemia.
The study involved 76 women with thalassemia, mean age 24.8±4.7 years. 32.89% of patients had large homozygous beta thalassemia, 39.47% had intermediate heterozygous beta thalassemia, 14.47% had heterozygous beta thalassemia minor, 6.58% of women had alpha thalassemia and drepanothalassemia, respectively. Serum levels of iron, folliclestimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and estradiol were determined. The iron content in women with thalassemia is 30.7% (p = 0.223) higher than in the control group. The FSH concentration in all phases of the cycle exceeded the control, the average LH level was reduced, the level of estradiol in the follicular and ovulatory phases exceeded the control values by 3.5 (p<0.01) and 1.5 times (p<0.05), respectively. In patients with thalassemia, the FSH / LH ratio was 2.4 times higher than the control one (p<0.05). The study highlights the progressive nature of iron loading of the pituitary gland, causing irreversible volume loss and negative effects on reproductive status. Gasimov N.A., Gajiyeva A.E.
Abstract: Minimally invasive endosurgical interventions in duodenal ulcer disease, complicated by bleeding, are accompanied
by a decrease in the frequency and severity of postoperative complications and mortality (from 2.5% to 0%). The application of these methods leads to a reduction of the postoperative bed rest (from 19.7±5.9 to 12.5±4.7 days) and a significant reduction in the duration of the postoperative rehabilitation period (from 35.5±5.8 to 18.4+3.6 days) in comparison with traditional, "open" surgical methods. The performance of minimally invasive endosurgical operations leads to an adequate reduction of the aggressiveness of the acidpeptic
factor, the restoration of the motor-evacuator function of the stomach in most patients, and is accompanied by a significant improvement in the immediate and longterm results of the treatment of patients with duodenal ulcer disease, complicated by bleeding. Selimli T.A., Ismailov Y.B., Ismailova A.T., Iskenderova Z.Sh.
Abstract: In the study, changes in the blood cell count of rats due to the effect of chronic electromagnetic radiation (EMR)
were studied. It was determined that the blood cells of the control group were kept in optimal conditions and the
blood cells corresponded to the physiological norm, but the amount of blood cells in the rats exposed to EMR
changed dramatically. Depending on the duration of the stress, the amount of hematological indicators in the blood,
the percentage composition and distribution density changes in different directions, and the mechanisms that ensure
the homeostasis and hemostasis of the body are disturbed. Therefore, it is important to carry out research in the
direction of working out ways of correcting EMR.
Abstract: 120 patients diagnosed with vaginitis were included in a study conducted to determine the nature and frequency of
discharge in order to study the effectiveness of the treatment proposed by us with 30% carbamide in the treatment
of nonspecific vaginitis. Depending on the treatment measures, the patients were divided into two groups: the main
group included patients who received 30% carbamide (n=60), the control group included patients who received standard
two-stage
vaginitis treatment (n=60). A detailed history was collected from all patients, and an examination
with gynecological mirrors was carried out. From the results of conducted studies, it is known that gynecological
procedures performed with 30% carbamide are more effective in eliminating discharge and easing their character. Suleymanov T.A., Hajibayli T.A.
Abstract: Introduction. One of the important tasks facing pharmaceutical science is the search for sources of plant preparations, rich in various groups of biologically active substances the selection of biologically active substances from these sources and the creation of new medicines based on them. The aim of the study was conducting an analysis of the drug Colics (foeniculum vulgare), which contains essential oils by Gas Chromatography. Matherial and methods. Foeniculum vulgare, called fennel ordinary, is an erect, branching perennial plant, which is commonly grown in vegetable and herb gardens for its foliage and seeds, with anise-flavored, which are usually collected for culinary use. The analysis was carried out on an Agilent 7890B Gas Chromatograph and Chromatography-mass MS
5977A spectrometer. Column size 30 m*250 μm*0.25 μm brand HP-5 MS Ultra Inert. Split- the sample is divided into 20 parts, the
first part is introduced into the apparatus. The initial temperature of 50°C is maintained for 2 minutes. Then, for each minute the temperature rises by 5°C and reaches 250°C and is held for 5 mi nu tes. Hexane was used as a solvent, as a carrier gas was used (He) 1.0
ml/min. Results. As a result of the analysis, 32 components were obtained. These compounds are mainly terpenoids and various oxidation
products of saturated hydrocarbons. Compounds – 9, 10, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 27 predominate in the analyzed syrup «Colix». Huseynova R.A.
Abstract: Diabetes mellitus is a serious medical and social problem, due to its high prevalence, a continuing trend toward an
increase in the number of patients, a chronic course that determines the cumulative nature of the disease, and the high disability of patients. The most important problem of modern diabetology is the development of new, more effective methods of treating type 2 diabetes mellitus, designed to reduce the growth rate of the number of patients in the population, as well as significantly reduce the risk of micro- and macrovascular complications, polyneuropathy, increase the life expectancy of patients and minimize socio-economic losses. Modern problems of managing type 2 diabetes mellitus are aimed at achieving earlier and more stringent glycemic control, reducing postprandial peaks and hypoglycemic episodes, normalizing glycemic profile variability, and reducing insulin resistance. Ismaylova Kh.M., Babayeva G.H., Makhmudov U.R., Quliyev F.V., Samadova T.A., Asadova G.V., Hasanova A.I.,
Abstract: Protein-losing enteropathy (PLE) is considered one of the rare and complex complications of intestinal diseases. The
main symptom of this pathology is the formation of hypoproteinemic edema. Diagnosis of the disease is based on the verification of protein loss in the intestinal cavity through the determination of α1-antitrypsin in feces. The damaged segment of the intestine is determined by X-ray and endoscopic diagnostic methods. The mainstay of treatment is a low-fat diet rich in medium-chain triglycerides. In cases of severe hypoproteinemias that do not respond to medi cal treatment, the choice is surgical treatment - resection of the damaged segment. Alimetov S.N., Humbatova А.D., Ibrahimova Sh.S.
Abstract: The modern views on the features of the clinical course, as well as laboratory and psychosocial changes in type II
diabetes mellitus, which often has an asymptomatic clinical picture by lack of complaints of thirst, frequent urination,
weight loss, memory impairment and other cognitive dysfunctions, although the diagnostic criteria for type II
diabetes mellitus in the elderly patients are almost the same as those adopted by WHO for the entire population as
a whole. Stressing that it is necessary to be guided not only by the effectiveness of the drug, but its safety in relation
to the risk of hypoglycemia while choosing the hypoglycemic therapy for the elderly patients. |
