Mammadbayli A.K., Abdullayeva N.R., Rzayev R.N.
NEUROCOGNITIVE DISORDER AND PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY AMONG INCARCERATED PEOPLE INFECTED WITH HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS
Abstract: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains one of the most serious global health challenges with a high incidence of neurological complications. The article analyzes information about the problem of neurological disorders in patients with HIV infection, provides current data on the etiology, pathogenesis and diagnosis of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder and peripheral polyneuropathies. This problem is especially relevant for people in prison, since in such cases the problem of late diagnosis often arises, which leads to the diagnosis at stages when it becomes difficult to alleviate the condition due to the significant progression of the disease, and, thereby, significantly violates the quality life of patients in a penitentiary.
Keywords: HIV, neurocognitive disorder, peripheral polyneuropathies
Velieva G.V.
OPHTHALMOPEDIATRIC ASPECTS OF DACRYOCYSTITIS IN NEWBORN
Abstract: Pathology of the lacrimal ducts is quite common in pediatric practice. In newborns, neonatal dacryocystitis comes first. Despite the fact that doctors of different specialties deal with this problem, the incidence of pathology remains relatively stable. In this work, we have processed the literature available to us for the last 50 years. The review presents the reasons for the development of pathology described by different authors, the features of the diagnosis and treatment of neonatal dacryocystitis.
Keywords: neonatal dacryocystitis, diagnosis, clinic
Aliyev V.I.
TREATMENT OF NOSOCOMIAL AND VENTILATOR ASSOCIATED PNEUMONIA
Abstract: Modern nosocomial infections, associated risk factors for antibiotic resistance associated with them, approach to the treatment of ventilator-associated pneumonia, treatment methods and prognosis are provided in this literature review.
Keywords: nosocomial infections, ventilator-associated pneumonia, antibiotic resistance
Aliyev R.R.
CHARACTERISTICS OF PATIENTS BY AGE AND GENDER AT THE TIME OF THE PROBABLE FIRST ATTACK OF MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS IN AZERBAIJAN
Abstract: Introduction. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. There is a higher prevalence among women and the onset of the disease is usually between 20 and 40 years. The aim of the study – to analyze the characteristics of patients with MS depending on their age and gender at the time of the first attack. Materials and methods. We describe a ten-year (01.01.2013-31.12.2022) study conducted in Azerbaijan, during which 1796 patients with MS were studied. Variational and discriminant analysis methods were used for statistical data processing. Results. The probable first attack of MS most often occurs in a 20-29 age group. It has been found that MS manifests itself more often in women and at an earlier age than in men. The influence of place of residence on the age of onset and diagnosis of MS is also described. Discussion. The article compares the study results with data from other countries, highlighting differences in the age of onset of MS. Conclusion. The first attack of MS in Azerbaijan manifests itself at a fairly young age. Expanding the research could provide recommendations for reducing the time between the first attack of MS and the moment of diagnosis, as well as early initiation of effective therapy.
Keywords: multiple sclerosis, probable first attack, age, gender
Safarova S.S., Aliyeva E.M., Abbasova F.Yu., Sultanova I.A., Mursalova S.A., Khudiyeva A.N.
FEATURES OF THE HORMONAL STATUS IN CHRONIC PURULENT INFLAMMATORY OF THE INTERNAL GENITAL ORGANS
Abstract: Inflammatory diseases of the internal genital organs lead to the development of serious pathophysiological and pathomorphological changes in the affected tissues with the involvement of the immune, endocrine, nervous and other body systems in the pathological process. The aim of the study was to identify the features of the hormonal status in patients with chronic forms of purulent inflammation of the internal genital organs and to determine the relationship between the level of sex steroids and the severity of the purulent process. The vast majority of patients with complicated forms of purulent inflammation revealed severe ovarian hypofunction. A third of patients had a violation of the secretion of gonadotropic hormones. A pronounced violation of hormonal homeostasis in chronic purulent inflammation of the internal genital organs indicates the advisability of including hormonal drugs in the treatment and rehabilitation process.
Keywords: inflammatory diseases of the internal genital organs; gonadotropic hormones; sex steroids
Kudratkhodjaeva Sh.Sh., Saidkhodjaeva S.N., Alimova D.D.
FEATURES OF CHANGES IN AUDITORY FUNCTION IN CHILDREN WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE
Abstract: The relationship between kidney function and hearing loss has long been recognized, but evidence for this relationship has mostly come from small observational studies or from other populations. In most cases, the causes contributing to the development of hearing loss in children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are complications and/or manifestations of the disease itself, as well as side effects of its treatment. It is also possible that there is a connection between anatomical and physiological features of the nephron and the striatovascular system of the cochlea. The aim of this study was to assess the state of auditory function in children with CKD. Materials and methods. 31 children with CKD were examined, five patients were on hemodialysis, while 26 children did not receive hemodialysis. All children underwent an audiological examination. Results. According to the results of a comprehensive audiological examination, five children suffered from hearing loss of various forms and severity, while one child was diagnosed with bilateral deafness. As CPN progressed, patients became more likely to develop hearing impairments. Among the etiological factors underlying the development of hearing loss, pharmacological side effects are considered to be the main ones.
Keywords: chronic kidney failure, children, auditory function
Yunuskhodjayeva M.K., Rizaev J.A.
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF METHODS OF TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH AGGRESSIVE PERIODONTITIS
Abstract: Periodontal diseases due to their prevalence among the population are one of the main problems of modern therapeutic dentistry. In modern dentistry, the problem of diagnosis and treatment of periodontitis with an aggressive course has acquired particular importance, which is less common compared to typical forms of periodontitis, but is more difficult to treat with traditional methods and has an extremely unfavorable prognosis and affects the processes of osteoarthritis and osteogenesis. The aim of this study was to improve the method of diagnosis and treatment of patients with aggressive periodontitis.
Keywords: aggressive periodontitis, clinical examination methods, osteoreparation
Shakhmaliyeva U.R.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECT OF BLOOD ON COAGULOGRAM PARAMETERS BEFORE AND AFTER TREATMENT OF UTERINE FIBROIDS
Abstract: The purpose of the study was to study changes in blood coagulation parameters in women with uterine myoma before and after the proposed treatment regimen, as well as traditional methods of treatment. Research work was carried out on the basis of the Research Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology during 2019-2022. The study included 200 patients with uterine fibroids of various sizes and shapes. In this study, we conventionally divided patients into 4 groups. As part of this study, we analyzed the clinical and anamnestic indicators of women before treatment. Group I (n=50) included patients who underwent surgical treatment of uterine fibroids, group II (n=50) — magnetic water, group III (n=50) — treatment with a zeolite-containing drug, ) received hormonal treatment. All patients underwent blood coagulogram before and after treatment. According to the results of the study, it was found that the coagulogram parameters returned to normal values after treatment in all groups. Fibrinogen, MHO, prothrombin time, D-dimer decreased statistically significantly, while antithrombin III increased statistically significantly. This also indicates that the results of the proposed therapeutic measures with magnetic water and zeolite differ at the same level as the indicators of hormonal and surgical treatment, that is, their effectiveness is similar to traditional treatment regimens.
Keywords: uterine fibroids, coagulogram, fibrinogen, INR, prothrombin time, zeolite, magnetic water, hormonal treatment, surgical treatment
Suleymanov T.A., Huseynova K.A.
A SPECIES BELONGING TO THE GENUS EPILOBIUM (CHAMAENERIUM ADANS). PROSPECTS FOR PHARMACOCHEMICAL RESEARCH
Abstract: Introduction. There is sufficient information on the use of raw materials of species belonging to the genus Chamaenerium, and extracts prepared on its basis, in ethnoscience in different countries. The aim of the study. To determine the prospects for pharmacochemical studies of species of the genus Chamaenerium, common in the flora of Azerbaijan. Materials and methods. The raw materials of Chamaenerium dodonaei and Chamaenerium angustifolium used for research purposes were delivered from the Guba and Gakh regions of Azerbaijan Republic during the flowering period of the plant. Chromatographic, chemical and physicochemical methods were used to study the phytochemical composition of raw materials. Result. As a result of phytochemical studies, it was found that the raw materials of E. dodonaei and E. angustifolium are rich in flavonoids and saponins. The amount of flavonoids in the raw material was determined by the spectrophotometric method, and it was found that in E.dodonae it is 2.19%, and in E.angustifolium – 2.77%. Conclusion. The obtained results show the relevance and prospects of an extensive pharmacochemical study of raw materials of species belonging to the genus Epilobium (Chamaenerium).
Keywords: Epilobium L. (Chamaenerium Adans), spectrophotometry, flavonoids
Karimova K.M., Gambarova A.A. Akhmedov R.N.
DIAGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF CYTOLOGICAL EXAMINATION OF PLEURAL FLUID
Abstract: The cytological examination of the evacuated pleural fluid is very important in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of the etiology of pleural effusion syndrome. Assessment of the effectiveness of using the cytological diagnostic method in a routine way was conducted within the frames of the given study. Materials of 320 patients with pleural effusion have been studied. In cases of malignant tumors pleurisies were seen in 8.1% of patients, the diagnosis of tuberculous pleurisy was confirmed in 26.9% of cases. Pleurisy of non-tumor nature (reactive, tuberculotic, etc.) has been noticed in 32.8% of cases. Rare forms of pleural effusion, such as cholesterol or caused by perforation of an echinococcal cyst into the pleura, consist 3% of all identified types. The most difficult for diagnosing are initial pleura tumors and their differentiation.
Keywords: cytology, pleural fluid, tumors, tuberculosis
Alieva G.R., Askerova Sh.M.
FEATURES OF SECONDARY MICROFLORA DETECTION IN PATIENTS WITH COVID-19
Abstract: The incidence of secondary lung infections in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 is not well understood. The results of bacteriological research for nonspecific flora of sputum or flushing from the respiratory tract were analyzed for 820 out of 3040 patients with COVID-19 hospitalized at the Research Institute of Lung Diseases in Baku. Secondary respiratory microflora was detected in 771 (94%) patients. in 347 (42.3%) cases, fungi of the genus Candida were found, and in 211 (25.7%) patients, this was observed simultaneously with the bacterial microflora. Among bacterial infections, the most common pathogens were Staphylococcus aureus (n=109), Klebsiella Pneumoniae (n=41), Escherichia Coli (n=38), Enterobacter (n=33), Streptococcus pneumoniae (n=32).
Keywords: COVID-19, secondary bacterial infection, Candida
Muradova A.M.
EFFECTIVENESS OF EXTRACORPOREAL SHOCK WAVE THERAPY AND CALF STRECHING EXCERSISES IN THE SHORT-TERM TREATMENT OF PLANTAR FASCIITIS
Abstract: Plantar fasciitis is the most common cause of plantar heel pain. In 70% to 80% of patients, it is possible to reduce pain with conservative treatment. Many studies have proven that the use of several types of conservative and physiotherapeutic treatment in the treatment of patients is more effective in plantar heel pain. In this study, 70 patients were randomly divided into 2 groups, active and control groups. Observations show that the best effect was observed in patients included in the active group. Extracorporeal shock-wave therapy and calf muscle stretching exercises for 20-30 minutes a day were performed once a week for 5 weeks.
Keywords: ESWT (extracorporeal shock wave therapy), exercises, plantar fasciitis, stretching
Jafarova G.A., Abilova R.K., Gasanzade N.Ch.
FEATURES OF THE BALANCE OF SOME TRACE ELEMENTS AND VITAMINS IN WOMEN WITH OVARIAN CANCER
Abstract: The aim of the study was to study the balance of certain trace elements and vitamins in the blood of women with ovarian cancer. During the study, in blood samples of 30 ovarian cancer patients aged 46-68 years, the concentration of copper, iron, magnesium, calcium and phosphorus was determined by the spectrophotometric method, and the concentration of vitamin D, vitamin B12 and folic acid (B9) was determined by the enzyme immunoassay method. Patients with ovarian cancer had serious disturbances in both microelement balance and vitamin metabolism. In the blood of these patients, an increase in the concentration of copper and vitamin B12 was observed, the concentration of magnesium, iron, phosphorus, vitamin D and folic acid decreased. These changes were observed more pronounced at III-IV stages of the disease. An increase in calcium concentration in stages III-IV explains its role in the progression of the disease.
Keywords: ovarian cancer, minerals, vitamin D, vitamin B12 and folic acid
Bayramova L.Q., Mehtiyeva Sh.N., Mammadbayli A.K.
AN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF A SPECIFIC GROUP OF EPILEPSY PATIENTS REGISTERED IN GANJA FROM 2005 TO 2009
Abstract: Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by spontaneous seizures that occur repeatedly. These seizures are triggered by a disruption in the normal electrical activity of the brain. Although the precise origin of epilepsy varies, it can be traced back to genetics, head trauma, brain illnesses, infectious infections, prenatal damage, or developmental abnormalities. Seizures can occur in a variety of ways, and their intensity varies from person to person. Some people may fall asleep without having convulsions, while others may have bewildered visuals or brief confusion. Seizures can also be caused by a lack of sleep, stress, or other specific causes in some people. Although epilepsy is a chronic disease, it can be managed by a number of treatments such as medication, surgery, and, in some cases, dietary changes. With adequate management and care, people with epilepsy can live normal lives. Individuals with epilepsy must collaborate closely with healthcare providers to build a thorough treatment plan that meets their personal needs. At the same time, determining the number of epilepsy patients in a certain area and their clinical forms helps to provide better life quality services to those patients. The current study involves the study of 322 patients with epilepsy based on archival materials registered in the city of Ganja from 2005 to 2009. In our study, patients from 0 to 70 years old were divided into sexes and age groups, and the dynamics of the disease was monitored. At the same time, the most common types of epilepsy according to etiology were determined in this study.
Keywords: epilepsy, epidemiology, clinical forms of epilepsy
Ismayilova N.R., Gasimova F.N., Musayeva A.V., Aghayeva Z.M.
DIAGNOSIS OF HEART FAILURE WITH PRESERVED EJECTION FRACTION
Abstract: The presented article provides information on new approaches to the diagnosis of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, which is one of the urgent problems of modern cardiology, has been presented. Algorithms used in the diagnosis of this pathology, the importance of echocardiographic indicators are discussed.
Keywords: ejection fraction, heart failure, doppler-echocardiography
