ABSTRACT
Genetic factors are an important contributor to the risk of ischemic heart disease (IHD), and great progress has been made in this area over the past decade. The problem of studying the genetic mechanisms of IHD is quite complex and is associated with the development of adequate approaches and methods of analysis, which is noted by many authors. One of the effective approaches to studying the role of genetic mechanisms in the development of IHD is associated with the identification of a group of genes with a potentially greatest contribution to the pathogenesis of the disease. Purpose. Study of FGB gene polymorphisms and its relationship with platelet indexes in Azerbaijani patients with ischemic heart disease, arterial hypertension, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Material and methods. 100 patient participated in the study. Anthropometric parameters, total blood count, lipid profile, fasting blood sugar and/or HbA1C, fibrinogen gene, and electrocardiographic and echocardiographic examination were performed in each patient. Results. A statistically significant prevalence of the homozygous G/G genotype of the FGB G (-455) A fibrinogen gene was noted in the studied groups. A statistically significant difference in the frequency of the GA polymorphism of the FGB G (-455) A fibrinogen gene was found between all groups. In addition, an increase in thrombocyte indexes was observed in homozygous allele A genotype carriers, which may be an indicator of thrombosis tendency in these genotype carriers.
Keywords: ischemic heart disease, arterial hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, fibrinogen gene, platelet indexes

---

REFERENCES

1. Журавлев Ю.И., Назаренко Г.И., Рязанов В.В., Клейменова Е.Б. Новый метод анализа риска развития ишемической болезни сердца на основании геномных и компьютерных технологий // Кардиология, 2011, No 2: С. 19-25.
2. Кудряшова О.Ю. Молекулярные механизмы тромбогенеза // Кардиология. - No12, 2012, - С. 45-56.
3. McPherson R, 2016. McPherson R, Tybjaerg-Hansen A. Genetics of Coronary Artery Disease. Circ Res. 2016;118(4):564-78.
4. Павлова Т.В., Поляков В.П., Дупляков и др. Распределение полиморфизмов генов некоторых компонентов системы гемостаза у больных ИБС. - Кардиология, 4, 2009; С.9-12.
5. Paraboschi EM, Duga S, Asselta R. Fibrinogen as a Pleiotropic Protein Causing Human Diseases: The Mutational Burden of Aα, Bβ, and γ Chains. Int J Mol Sci. 2017 Dec 14;18(12):2711. doi: 10.3390/ijms18122711. PMID: 29240685; PMCID: PMC5751312.
6. van 't Hooft FM, von Bahr SJ, Silveira A, Iliadou A, Eriksson P, Hamsten A. Two common, functional polymorphisms in the promoter region of the beta-fibrinogen gene contribute to regulation of plasma fibrinogen concentration. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1999 Dec;19(12):3063-70. doi: 10.1161/01.atv.19.12.3063. PMID: 10591688.
7. Амельянович М.Д, Моссэ И.Б. молекулярно-генетические маркеры риска развития эндокринной патологии //Молекулярная и прикладная генетика. Том 27, 2019 г. Стр98).
8. Дедов И.И., Смирнова О.М., Кононенко И.В. Значение результатов полногеномных исследований для первичной профилактики сахарного диабета 2 типа и его осложнений. Персонализированный подход// Сахарный диабет. 2014;(2):10-19.
9. Chakraborty DS, Lahiry S, Choudhury S. Hypertension Clinical Practice Guidelines (ISH, 2020): What Is New? Med Princ Pract. 2021;30(6):579-584. doi: 10.1159/000518812. Epub 2021 Aug 2. PMID: 34348319; PMCID: PMC8740276.
10. Yang S.H., Du Y., Zhang Y. et al. (2017) Serum fibrinogen and cardiovascular events in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes and stable coronary artery disease: a prospective observational study. BMJ Open. 7(6): e015041
11. Budak YU, Polat M, Huysal K. The use of platelet indices, plateletcrit, mean platelet volume and platelet distribution width in emergency non-traumatic abdominal surgery: a systematic review. Biochem Med (Zagreb). 2016;26(2):178-93. doi: 10.11613/BM.2016.020. PMID:27346963; PMCID: PMC4910273.
12. Demirin H, Ozhan H, Ucgun T, Celer A, Bulur S, Cil H, Gunes C, Yildirim HA. Normal range of mean platelet volume in healthy subjects: Insight from a large epidemiologic study. Thromb Res. 2011 Oct;128(4):358-60. doi: 10.1016/j.thromres.2011.05.007. Epub 2011 May 28. PMID: 21620440.
13. Xiang Q, Ji SD, Zhang Z, Zhao X, Cui YM. Identification of ITGA2B and ITGB3 Single- Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Their Influences on the Platelet Function. Biomed Res Int. 2016; 2016:5675084. doi: 10.1155/2016/5675084. Epub 2016 Nov 14. PMID: 27965976; PMCID: PMC5124636.
14. Assiri AS, Jamil AM, Mahfouz AA, Mahmoud ZS, Ghallab M. Diagnostic importance of platelet parameters in patients with acute coronary syndrome admitted to a tertiary care hospital in southwest region, Saudi Arabia. J Saudi Heart Assoc. 2012 Jan;24(1):17-21. doi:10.1016/j.jsha.2011.08.004. Epub 2011 Oct 20. PMID: 23960663; PMCID: PMC3727553.
15. Chandrashekar V. Plateletcrit as a screening tool for detection of platelet quantitative disorders. J Hematol. 2013;2:22–6. 10.4021/jh70w
16. Yang A, Pizzulli L, Lüderitz B. Mean platelet volume as marker of restenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty in patients with stable and unstable angina pectoris. Thromb Res. 2006;117(4):371-7. doi: 10.1016/j.thromres.2005.04.004. Epub 2005 Jun 1. PMID: 15935453.
17. Mariani E, Filardo G, Canella V, Berlingeri A, Bielli A, Cattini L, et al. Platelet-rich plasma affects bacterial growth in vitro. Cytotherapy. 2014;16:1294–304. 10.1016/j.jcyt.2014.06.003