SUMMARY
Objective. To evaluate the incidence, risk factors, prevention, and treatment outcomes of parastomal complications. Material and methods. A retrospective analysis of 425 patients who underwent ileostomy or colostomy formation between 2008 and 2025 was performed. Early and late parastomal complications, their causes, preventive measures, and treatment strategies were assessed. Statistical comparisons were carried out between the study and control groups. Results. The most common early complications were peristomal skin lesions, separation between the stoma and surrounding skin, and infectious inflammatory complications. The proposed surgical technique significantly reduced the incidence of stoma retraction, prolapse, parastomal abscess, and parastomal hernia. The greatest benefit was observed in patients with a body mass index greater than 30 kg/m². Conclusion. Proper stoma construction, adequate drainage of the parastomal area, appropriate postoperative stoma care, and long-term follow-up play a key role in preventing parastomal complications. The proposed technique effectively reduces both early and late complications and may be recommended for routine clinical practice.
Keywords: colostomy, ileostomy, parastomal complications, prevention, treatment, retraction, prolapse

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