SUMMARY
Background. Thrombocytopenia is a common complication in pregnancy, associated with significant maternal and fetal morbidity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical characteristics of thrombocytopenia in pregnant women and to assess its impact on maternal and fetal outcomes. Material and methods. Fifty-four pregnant women with platelet counts below 150×10³/μL, observed within 100 days prior to delivery, were enrolled. All patients underwent complete blood count with peripheral smear, liver function tests, coagulation profile (PT, aPTT), antinuclear antibodies, viral serology (hepatitis B, C, HIV), and urinalysis. Abdominal and pelvic ultrasonography was performed in all cases. Thrombocytopenia was classified as mild (100–149×10³/μL), moderate (50–99×10³/μL), or severe (<50×10³/μL). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v.22; Student's t-test and Pearson's χ² test were applied (p<0.05). Results. Fifty-four pregnant women aged 21–38 years (mean age 28.8±3.16 years) with platelet counts below 150×10³/μL were included. The most common cause of thrombocytopenia was gestational thrombocytopenia (58.6%), followed by preeclampsia (22.2%) and immune thrombocytopenic purpura (7.4%). By severity: mild thrombocytopenia in 59.3%, moderate in 25.9%, and severe in 14.8% of patients. Mode of delivery: vaginal delivery in 53.7%; caesarean section in 46.3%. Maternal complications: postpartum hemorrhage (16.7%), episiotomy hematoma (9.2%), placental abruption (7.4%). No maternal deaths were recorded. Neonatal outcomes: low birth weight (18.5%; mean weight 2.52±0.30 kg), intrauterine growth restriction (15%), NICU admission (18.5%). Conclusion. Gestational thrombocytopenia is the leading cause of thrombocytopenia in pregnancy; however, other significant causes — including preeclampsia, ITP, and HELLP syndrome — must be systematically excluded. Thorough history-taking, laboratory workup including peripheral blood smear analysis, and close antenatal monitoring of platelet counts are essential components of management.
Keywords: thrombocytopenia, gestational thrombocytopenia, pregnancy, postpartum bleeding, newborns

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